Sinope (moon)
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| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by: | S. B. Nicholson |
| Discovery date: | July 21, 1914 |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Periapsis: | 18,237,600 km |
| Apoapsis | 30,191,200 km |
| Mean radius of orbit: | 23,540,000 km[1] |
| Eccentricity: | 0.25[1] |
| Orbital period: | 724.1 d (1.95 a)[1] |
| Avg. orbital speed: | 2.252 km/s |
| Inclination: | 128.11° (to the ecliptic) 153.12° (to Jupiter's equator)[1] |
| Satellite of: | Jupiter |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mean radius: | ~19 km |
| Volume: | ~28,700 km³ |
| Mass: | 7.5×1016 kg |
| Mean density: | 2.6 g/cm³ (assumed) |
| Equatorial surface gravity: | 0.014 m/s2 (0.001 g) |
| Escape velocity: | ~0.023 km/s |
| Albedo: | 0.04 (assumed) |
| Temperature: | ~124 K |
Sinope is a non-spherical moon of Jupiter. It was found by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Lick Observatory in 1914,[2] and is named after Sinope of Greek mythology.
Sinope did not get its present name until 1975[3][4]; before then, it was simply known as Jupiter IX. It was sometimes called "Hades"[5] between 1955 and 1975.
Sinope was the farthest known moon of Jupiter until the discovery of Megaclite in 2000. The farthest moon of Jupiter now known is S/2003 J 2.
Contents |
[change] Orbit
Sinope orbits Jupiter on a high eccentricity and high inclination retrograde orbit. The orbital elements are as of January 2000.[1] They are changing a lot due to Solar and planetary perturbations. It is often believed to belong to the Pasiphaë group.[6] However, given its mean inclination and different colour, Sinope could be also an independent object, captured independently, unrelated to the collision and break-up at the origin of the group.[7] The diagram illustrates Sinope's orbital elements in relation to other moons of the group.
[change] Physical characteristics
Sinope has an estimated diameter of 38 km (assuming an albedo of 0.04)[6] The moon is red[7] unlike Pasiphae which is grey.
Its infrared spectrum is similar to D-type asteroids also different from Pasiphae.[8] These dissimilarities of the physical parameters suggest a different origin from the core members of the group.
[change] References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Jacobson, R. A. (2000). "The Orbits of the Outer Jovian Satellites". Astronomical Journal 120: pp. 2679-2686. DOI:10.1086/316817.
- ↑ Nicholson, S. B. (1914). "Discovery of the Ninth Satellite of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 26: pp. 197-198.
- ↑ Nicholson, S. B. (April 1939). "The Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 51 (300): pp. 85–94. (in which he declines to name the recently discovered satellites (pp. 93–94))
- ↑ IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)
- ↑ Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-134-78107-4.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Sheppard, S. S.; and Jewitt, D. C.; An Abundant Population of Small Irregular Satellites Around Jupiter, Nature, Vol. 423 (May 2003), pp. 261-263
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Grav, T.; Holman, M. J.; Gladman, B. J.; and Aksnes, K.; Photometric Survey of the Irregular Satellites, Icarus, Vol. 166 (2003), pp. 33-45
- ↑ Grav, T., and Holman, M. J. (2004). "Near-Infrared Photometry of the Irregular Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn". The Astrophysical Journal 605: pp. L141–L144.
[change] Other websites
| Moons of Jupiter | |
|---|---|
| Listed in increasing distance from Jupiter. Temporary names in italics. | |
| Amalthea group | Metis · Adrastea · Amalthea · Thebe |
| Galilean moons | Io · Europa · Ganymede · Callisto |
| Themisto | |
| Himalia group | Leda · Himalia · Lysithea · Elara · S/2000 J 11 |
| Carpo · S/2003 J 12 | |
| Ananke group | Ananke · Praxidike · Harpalyke · Iocaste · Euanthe · Thyone (core) Euporie · S/2003 J 3 · S/2003 J 18 · Thelxinoe · Helike · Orthosie · S/2003 J 16 · Hermippe · Mneme · S/2003 J 15 (peripheral) |
| Carme group | S/2003 J 17 · S/2003 J 10 · Pasithee · Chaldene · Arche · Isonoe · Erinome · Kale · Aitne · Taygete · S/2003 J 9 · Carme · S/2003 J 5 · S/2003 J 19 · Kalyke · Eukelade · Kallichore |
| Pasiphaë group | Eurydome · S/2003 J 23 · Hegemone · Pasiphaë · Sponde · Cyllene · Megaclite · S/2003 J 4 · Callirrhoe · Sinope · Autonoe · Aoede · Kore |
| S/2003 J 2 | |
