February 11
From the Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia that anyone can change
February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 323 days remaining, 324 in leap years.
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[change] Events
- 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu Tenno.
- 731 - Gregory II ends his reign as Pope.
- 824 - Paschal I ends his reign as Pope.
- 1531 - Henry VIII of England recognized as supreme head of the Church of England.
- 1543 - Battle of Wayna Daga - Ethiopian/Portuguese troops beat Muslim army.
- 1752 - Pennsylvania Hospital, 1st hospital in the United States, opens.
- 1790 - Society of Friends petitions United States Congress for abolition of slavery.
- 1794 - First session of United States Senate open to the public.
- 1808 - Anthracite coal first burned as fuel, experimentally.
- 1809 - Robert Fulton patents the steamboat
- 1810 - Napoléon marries Marie-Louise of Austria.
- 1812 - Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry gerrymanders for the first time.
- 1814 - Norway's independence is proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of the Kalmar Union
- 1826 - University College London is founded under the name University of London.
- 1837 - American Physiological Society organizes in Boston, Massachusetts.
- 1840 - Gaetano Donizetti's opera La Fille du Régiment receives its first performance in Paris.
- 1843 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi receives its first performance in Milan.
- 1858 - The Blessed Virgin Mary reputedly appears to Saint Bernadette Soubirous of Lourdes.
- 1861 - American Civil War: United States House of Representatives unanimously passes a resolution guaranteeing noninterference with slavery in any state.
- 1873 - King Amadeus I of Spain abdicates.
- 1889 - Meiji constitution of Japan adopted; 1st Diet of Japan convenes in 1890
- 1902 - Police beat up universal suffrage demonstrators in Brussels.
- 1903 - Anton Bruckner's 9th Symphony receives its first performance in Vienna.
- 1905 - Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer nos.
- 1908 - Australia regain the Ashes with a 308 run cricket victory over England.
- 1916 - Emma Goldman arrested for lecturing on birth control.
- 1919 - Friedrich Ebert (SPD), elected President of Germany.
- 1928 - 1928 Winter Olympic Games open in St. Moritz, Switzerland
- 1929 - Italy and the Vatican sign the Lateran Treaty.
- 1937 - A sit-down strike ends when General Motors recognizes the United Automobile Workers Union.
- 1938 - BBC Television produces the world's first ever science fiction television programme, an adaptation of a section of the Karel Capek play R.U.R. (This play coined the term 'robot.')
- 1941 - First Gold record presented to Glenn Miller for "Chattanooga Choo Choo".
- 1943 - General Dwight D. Eisenhower selected to command the allied armies in Europe.
- 1945 - Yalta Conference ends.
- 1948 - John Costello succeeds Éamon de Valera as Taoiseach of Ireland.
- 1953 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower refuses clemency appeal for Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
- 1953 - The Soviet Union breaks off diplomatic relations with Israel.
- 1961 - Trial of Adolf Eichmann begins in Jerusalem.
- 1963 - The Beatles tape 10 tracks for their first album, including "Please, Please Me".
- 1964 - At the Washington, DC Coliseum, The Beatles have their 1st live appearance in the United States.
- 1964 - Greeks and Turks begin fighting in Limassol, Cyprus.
- 1964 - The Republic of China (Taiwan) breaks off diplomatic relations with France.
- 1968 - Israeli-Jordanian border clashes.
- 1968 - Madison Square Garden III closes and Madison Square Garden IV opens in New York City
- 1971 - US, UK, USSR, others sign Seabed Treaty outlawing nuclear weapons in international waters.
- 1973 - Vietnam War: First release of American prisoners of war from Vietnam takes place.
- 1978 - Censorship: China lifts a ban on works by Aristotle, Shakespeare and Dickens.
- 1979 - Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini seizes power in Iran.
- 1981 - 100,000 gallons (380 m³) of radioactive coolant leak into the containment building of TVA Sequoyah 1 nuclear plant in Tennessee, contaminating 8 workers
- 1986 - Rights activist Anatoly Scharansky, released by the USSR, leaves the country.
- 1987 - Philippines constitution goes into effect.
- 1990 - James "Buster" Douglas KOs Mike Tyson to win heavyweight boxing crown.
- 1990 - Nelson Mandela, a political prisoner for 27 years, is freed from Victor Verster prison outside Cape Town, South Africa.
- 1991 - UNPO, the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, forms in The Hague, Netherlands.
- 1992 - Art band The KLF subvert the UK's Brit Awards
- 1999 - Pluto, a planet with an irregular orbit, changes from the eighth to ninth planet furthest from the sun. It had been the eighth furthest since 1979.
[change] Births
- 1380 - Gianfrancesco Poggio Bracciolini, Italian humanist (died 1459)
- 1465 - Elizabeth of York, consort of King Henry VII of England (died 1503)
- 1535 - Pope Gregory XIV (died 1591)
- 1557 - John Uijtenbogaert, Dutch remonstrant theologian.
- 1568 - Honore d'Urfe, French writer
- 1657 - Bernard Le Bovier Fontenelle, French scientist and man of letters
- 1755 - Albert Christoph Dies, composer
- 1764 - Marie-Joseph de Chenier, French poet
- 1774 - Hans Jarta, Swedish political activist, administrator, publicist
- 1776 - Joannis Capodistrias, Greek governor of Troezen (1827-1831) (died 1836)
- 1780 - Karoline von Günderode, poet (died 1806)
- 1790 - Ignaz Assmayer, composer
- 1800 - William Henry Fox Talbot, English photographic pioneer (died 1877)
- 1802 - Lydia Child, novelist and abolitionist (died 1880)
- 1810 - Loisa Puget, composer
- 1812 - Benjamin Franklin Sands, Commander (Union Navy)
- 1812 - Alexander Hamilton Stephens, Vice President of the Confederate States of America, (died 1883)
- 1813 - Otto Ludwig, German novelist, playwright, critic
- 1819 - Samuel Parkman Tuckerman, composer
- 1821 - Hermann Allmers, writer
- 1821 - Auguste Edouard Mariette, French Egyptologist
- 1830 - Peter Arnold Heise, composer
- 1830 - Hans Bronsart von Schellendorf, musician (died 1913)
- 1833 - Melville Weston Fuller, 8th Chief Justice of the United States
- 1839 - Josiah Willard Gibbs, theoretical physicist, chemist (died 1903)
- 1847 - Thomas Alva Edison, inventor (died 1931)
- 1860 - Rachilde (Marguérite Vallette-Eymery), French author (died 1953)
- 1867 - August W Messer, German philosopher, educator, psychologist
- 1869 - Helene Kroller-Muller, Dutch museum founder and patron of the arts
- 1869 - Else Lasker-Schüler, lyricist, dramatist and narrator (died 1945)
- 1873 - Feodor Chaliapin, Russian singer (died 1938)
- 1874 - Elsa Beskow (Maartman), Swedish children's book and fairy tales author, (died 1953)
- 1874 - Fritz Bennicke Hart, composer
- 1875 - Sara Wennerberg-Reuter, composer
- 1879 - Jean Gilbert, composer
- 1882 - Gheorghe Cucu, composer
- 1883 - Paul August von Klenau, Danish composer, conductor
- 1887 - John van Melle, South African writer (died 1953)
- 1889 - Vladimir Mikhaylovich Deshevov, composer
- 1890 - John de Vries, fairy tale, writer
- 1891 - J W Hearne, English cricket player
- 1893 - Johan Alberts, Dutch literary figure
- 1894 - Isaac Kolthoff, chemist
- 1894 - Alfonso Leng, composer (died 1974)
- 1895 - Viktor Nikolayevich Trambitsky, composer
- 1896 - Else Lasker-Schüler, writer
- 1897 - Yves de La Casiniere, composer
- 1898 - Leó Szilárd, physicist, peace activist (died 1964)
- 1900 - Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher (died 2002)
- 1900 - Thomas Hitchcock Jr, polo player
- 1902 - Arne Jacobsen, Danish architect/designer (died 1971)
- 1903 - Hans Redlich, composer (d. 1968)
- 1904 - Sir Keith Holyoake, Prime Minister of New Zealand (died 1983)
- 1904 - Henry LaBouisse, head of UNICEF
- 1905 - Elizabeth Vuyk, Dutch/Indonesian writer
- 1906 - Denis Barnett, British air chief marshal
- 1907 - E W Swanton, author, sports commentator
- 1908 - Sutan Takdir Alishahbana, Indonesian linguist, author, novelist
- 1908 - Vivian Ernest Fuchs, geologist, explorer (died 1999)
- 1908 - Josh White
- 1909 - Max Baer (The Livermore Larruper), boxer, actor
- 1909 - Joseph Mankiewicz, director
- 1911 - Alec Cairncross, chancellor of the University of Glasgow.
- 1912 - Roy Fuller, English poet/novelist
- 1912 - Rudolf Firkusny Napajedla, pianist
- 1913 - Lucio Diestro, composer
- 1914 - Matt Dennis, singer
- 1914 - French Duynstee, Dutch constitutional lawyer
- 1914 - Winand Borgerhoff Mulder, court judge of Amsterdam
- 1914 - Menelaos Pallantios, composer
- 1915 - Patrick Leigh Fermor, author
- 1915 - Mervyn Levy, artist, critic
- 1915 - Haakon Stotijn, Dutch oboist
- 1916 - Joseph Alioto, Mayor of San Francisco, California
- 1916 - Bernice Levin Neugarten, social scientist, gerontologist
- 1917 - Sidney Sheldon, author
- 1919 - Gretchen Fraser, slalom skier
- 1919 - Eva Gabor, actress (died 1995)
- 1919 - Eddie Robinson, college football coach.
- 1920 - King Farouk I of Egypt (died 1965)
- 1920 - Daniel Galouye, American science fiction author
- 1920 - Billy Halop, actor
- 1920 - Paul Peter Piech, artist (died 1996)
- 1921 - Lloyd Bentsen, American politician
- 1922 - Tudor Jarda, composer
- 1922 - Leslie Nielsen, actor
- 1923 - Ronald Arculus, British diplomat
- 1924 - Mary Tregear, Oriental art historian
- 1925 - Peter Berger, British Vice-Admiral
- 1925 - Virginia Johnson, doctor, sexologist
- 1925 - Kim Stanley, actress (died 2001)
- 1926 - Paul Bocuse, French chef
- 1926 - Alexander Gibson, British conductor/founder of the Scottish Opera
- 1928 - Gerry Alexander, West Indies cricket player
- 1928 - Raoul Cita, rocker
- 1928 - Gotthilf Fischer, choirmaste
- 1928 - Archibald Forster, CEO (Esso UK)
- 1928 - Conrad Janis, actor
- 1929 - Leonard Gregory Kastle, composer
- 1930 - C H Dearnley, organist
- 1930 - Alevtina Koltschina, Soviet skier
- 1931 - Larry Merchant, author, boxing commentator
- 1932 - Jerome Lowenthal, pianist, professor
- 1934 - Tina Louise, actress
- 1934 - Francesco Pennisi, composer
- 1934 - Mary Quant, fashion designer
- 1934 - John Surtees, British race car driver
- 1935 - Bent Lorentzen, composer
- 1936 - Burt Reynolds, actor
- 1937 - Lodewijk Boer, Dutch violinist, playwright
- 1937 - Marilyn Butler, Rector of Exeter College, Oxford
- 1937 - Peter Lashley, West Indies cricket player
- 1937 - Bill Lawry, Australian cricket player
- 1938 - Bevan Congdon, New Zealand cricket player
- 1938 - Willy Correa de Oliveira, composer
- 1938 - Manuel Noriega, Panamanian general and dictator
- 1939 - Gerry Goffin, lyricist
- 1939 - Jane Yolen, science fiction author
- 1940 - Bobby Picket, musician
- 1941 - Sergio Mendes, musician, songwriter
- 1942 - Otis Clay, gospel qand R&B singer
- 1943 - Iain Cameron, British brigadier
- 1944 - Buddhadev Dasgupta, film director
- 1944 - Bert Greene, golfer
- 1953 - Philip Anglim, actor
- 1961 - Mary Docter, speed skater
- 1961 - Carey Lowell, actress
- 1962 - Sheryl Crow, musician
- 1969 - Jennifer Aniston, actress
- 1970 - Alistair Brown, English cricket player
- 1974 - D'Angelo, singer
- 1975 - Zsuzsa Hickel, Hungarian spiritualist
- 1975 - Chuck Watanabe, kayaker
- 1979 - Brandy Norwood, singer
- 1980 - Natasha Bobo, actress
- 1980 - Matthew Lawrence, actor
- 1981 - Kelly Rowland, singer (Destiny's Child)
[change] Deaths
- 641 - Heraclius, Emperor of Byzantium in 610-641 (bborn ca. 575)
- 731 - Pope Gregory II
- 821 - Saint Benedict of Aniane (born ca. 747)
- 824 - Pope Paschal I
- 1141 - Hugo of St. Victor, philosopher, theologian, mystic
- 1503 - Elizabeth of York, consort of King Henry VII of England (born 1466)
- 1543 - Ahmed Gran, sultan of Adal
- 1622 - Alfonso Fontanelli, composer
- 1650 - René Descartes, philosopher (born 1596)
- 1685 - David Teniers III, Flemish painter
- 1762 - Johann Tobias Krebs, composer
- 1763 - William Shenstone, poet (born 1714)
- 1797 - Antoine Dauvergne, composer
- 1806 - Vicente Martin y Soler, composer
- 1841 - J H Ferdinand Olivier, German painter
- 1862 - Elizabeth Siddal, poet and artist (born 1829)
- 1868 - Léon Foucault, astronomer (born 1819)
- 1870 - Leopold Eugen Mechura, composer
- 1871 - Gaspard Théodore Ignace de la Fontaine, Luxemburg politician.
- 1879 - Honore Daumier, caricaturist/painter (born 1808)
- 1879 - Willem J van Zeggelen, Dutch author
- 1882 - Gustav Schmidt, composer (born 1874)
- 1892 - Erik Anthon Valdemar Siboni, composer
- 1894 - Pasqual Juan Emilio Arrieta y Corera, composer
- 1903 - Henryk Szulc, composer
- 1907 - Peter J Savelberg, Dutch monastery founder
- 1911 - Albert von Rothschild, baron, Austrian banker
- 1922 - Gerardus J P Bolland, Dutch philosopher
- 1931 - Charles Algernon Parsons, British inventor
- 1939 - Franz Schmidt, Austrian composer
- 1940 - John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir, Governor-General of Canada (born 1875)
- 1945 - Al Dubin, Swiss songwriter
- 1945 - J S H Lokerman, Dutch resistance fighter
- 1948 - Sergei Eisenstein, film director (born 1898)
- 1959 - Marshall Teague, race car driver (born 1922)
- 1960 - Ernst von Dohnanyi, Hungarian conductor (b. 1877)
- 1961 - Eduard R Verkade, Dutch actor, director
- 1963 - Sylvia Plath, poet, novelist (born 1932)
- 1968 - Howard Lindsay, playwright
- 1970 - Emil Abranyi, composer
- 1971 - Whitney Young Jr, National Urban League director
- 1972 - Jan Wils, architect
- 1973 - Hans D Jensen, German physicist
- 1975 - Zsuzsa Hickel, Hungarian spiritualist
- 1976 - Lee J Cobb, actor
- 1976 - Alexander Lippisch, German aerodynamicist (born 1894)
- 1977 - Louis Beel, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1946-1948, 1958-1959) (born 1902)
- 1978 - James B Conant, headmaster of Harvard University
- 1982 - Eleanor Powell, actress, dancer
- 1982 - Takashi Shimura, Japanese actor
- 1985 - Henry Hathaway actor, director
- 1985 - Ulysses Simpson Kay, composer
- 1985 - Heinz Eric Roemheld, composer
- 1986 - Frank Herbert, science fiction author (born 1920)
- 1989 - George O'Hanlon, actor, director
- 1991 - Oscar Nitzchke, German architect
- 1993 - George A Stephen, inventor
- 1994 - Neil Bonnett, NASCAR driver (born 1946)
- 1994 - Sorrell Brooke, actor
- 1994 - William Conrad, actor
- 1996 - Kebby Musokotwane, prime minister of Zambia
- 1996 - Cyril Poole, English cricket player
- 1996 - Amelia Rosselli, poet
- 2000 - Roger Vadim, French director (born 1928)
- 2003 - Arndt Brause, Schlager singer
- 2003 - Daniel Toscan du Plantier, movie producer
[change] Holidays and observances
- Catholicism - Feast day of Our Lady of Lourdes
- World Day of the Sick
February 10 - February 12 - January 11 - March 11 -- listing of all days