August 23 - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
August 23
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686 - Charles Martel, grandfather of Charlemagne (d. 741)
1486 - Sigismund von Herberstein, Austrian diplomat and historian (d. 1566 )1524 - François Hotman, French lawyer and writer (d. 1590 )1623 - Stanisław Lubieniecki, Polish astronomer (d. 1675 )1741 - Jean-François de Galaup, count de La Pérouse, French explorer (d. 1788 )1754 - King Louis XVI of France (d. 1792 )1769 - Georges Cuvier, French biologist and statesman (d. 1832 )1783 - William Tierney Clark, English civil engineer (d. 1852 )1785 - Oliver Hazard Perry, U.S. naval officer (d.1819 )1829 - Moritz Cantor, German mathematician (d.1920 )1847 - Sarah Frances Whiting, American physicist and astronomer (d. 1927 )1849 - William Ernest Henley, British poet, critic, and editor (d. 1903 )1852 - Arnold Toynbee, English economist and social reformer (d.1883 )1864 - Eleftherios Venizalos, Prime Minister of Greece (d.1936 )1869 - Edgar Lee Masters, American author (d. 1950 )1875 - William Eccles, English radio pioneer (d. 1966 )1880 - Alexander Grin, Russian writer (d. 1932 )1883 - Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright IV, U.S. general (d. 1953 )1884 - Will Cuppy, American humorist (d. 1949 )1900 - Ernst Krenek, Austrian-born composer (d. 1991 )1901 - John Sherman Cooper, U.S. Senator from Kentucky (d. 1991 )1903 - William Primrose, Scottish violist (d. 1982 )1905 - Constant Lambert, British composer (d. 1951 )1911 - Birger Ruud, Norwegian athlete (d. 1998 )1912 - Gene Kelly , American dancer and actor (d. 1996 )1917 - Tex Williams, American singer (d. 1985 )1921 - Kenneth Arrow, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate1922 - George Kell, baseball player1923 - Edgar F. Codd, English computer scientist (d. 2003 )1924 - Ephraim Kishon, Israeli writer (d. 2005 )1924 - Robert Solow, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
1927 - Dick Bruna, Dutch illustrator1929 - Vera Miles, American actress1930 - Michel Rocard, Prime Minister of France 1932 - Houari Boumedienne, President of Algeria (d. 1978 )1932 - Mark Russell, American comedian, musician, and political commentator
1933 - Robert Curl, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate1933 - Pete Wilson, Governor of California
1934 - Barbara Eden, American actress1934 - Sonny Jurgensen, American football player
1936 - Henry Lee Lucas, American serial killer (d. 2001 )1943 - Nelson DeMille, American novelist1947 - Keith Moon, English singer and drummer (The Who ) (d. 1978 )1947 - David Robb, British actor1949 - Shelley Long, American actress1949 - Rick Springfield , Australian singer and actor
1951 - Queen Noor of Jordan1951 - Akhmad Kadyrov, President of Chechnya (d. 2004 )
1952 - Vicky Leandros, Greek singer1956 - Andreas Floer, German mathematician (d. 1991 )1963 - Kenny Wallace, American race car driver1966 - Rik Smits, Dutch basketball player1970 - Jay Mohr, American actor and comedian1970 - River Phoenix, American actor (d. 1993 )
1974 - Ray Park, British actor1975 - Eliza Carthy, English singer and fiddler1978 - Kobe Bryant , American basketball player1978 - Julian Casablancas, musician
1988 - Niki Leinso, Croatian singer and songwriter1992 - Nicholas Elvin, Australian/New Zealand Dj, Basketballer,2005 - Hurricane Katrina , formed as a tropical depression that day
93 - Gnaeus Julius Agricola, Roman Governor of Britain (b. 40 )
634 - Abu Bakr , Arabian caliph
1176 - Emperor Rokujo of Japan (b. 1164 )1305 - William Wallace , Scottish patriot (executed)1387 - King Olav IV of Norway (b. 1370 )1507 - Jean Molinet, French writer (b. 1435 )1519 - Philibert Berthelier, Swiss patriot1540 - Guillaume Budé, French scholar1591 - Luis Ponce de León, Spanish poet and mystic (b. 1527 )1618 - Gerbrand Adriaensz Bredero, Dutch writer (b. 1585 )1628 - George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (b. 1592 )1723 - Increase Mather, New England Puritan minister (b. 1639 )1618 - Gerbrand Adriaensz Bredero, Dutch writer (b. 1585 )1652 - John Byron, 1st Baron Byron, English royalist politician (b. 1600 )1806 - Charles Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist (b. 1736 )1813 - Alexander Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (b. 1766 )1819 - Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval officer (b. 1785 )1866 - Auguste Barthelemy, French poet (b. 1796 )1883 - Sarah Yorke Jackson , American First Lady 1926 - Rudolph Valentino , Italian actor (b. 1895 )1927 - Nicola Sacco, Italian anarchist (executed) (b. 1891 )1927 - Bartolomeo Vanzetti, Italian anarchist (executed) (b. 1888 )
1937 - Albert Roussel, French composer (b. 1869 )1960 - Oscar Hammerstein II, American lyricist (b. 1895 )1962 - Walter Anderson, German folklorist (b. 1885 )1962 - Hoot Gibson, American actor (b. 1892 )
1966 - Francis X. Bushman, American actor (b. 1883 )1982 - Stanford Moore, American biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913 )1997 - John Kendrew, British molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1917 )2001 - Peter Maas, American novelist (b. 1929 )2002 - Hoyt Wilhelm, baseball player (b. 1922 )2003 - Imperio Argentina, Argentine singer and actress (b. 1906 )2003 - Bobby Bonds, baseball player and manager (b. 1946 )
2003 - Jack Dyer, Australian footballer (b. 1913 )
2003 - John Geoghan, American Catholic priest
2005 - Brock Peters, American actor (b. 1927 )
1305 - William Wallace is executed.1328 - Battle of Kassel: French troops stop an uprising of Flemish farmers1328 - King Philip VI of France is crowned.1540 - French explorer Jacques Cartier lands near Quebec City in his third voyage to Canada.1566 - Calvinists are granted rights in the Netherlands1614 - The University of Groningen is established1617 - In London, the first one-way street is established1651 - Charles II enters Worcester and starts a battle.1784 - Eastern Tennessee declares itself an independent state under the name of Franklin; the step is rejected by Congress one year later1793 - French Revolution : a levée en masse was decreed by the National Convention.1799 - Napoleon leaves Egypt for France en route to seize power1813 - At the Battle of Grossbeeren,the Prussians under Von Bulow repulse the French army.1821 - Mexico gains its independence from Spain 1833 - Slavery abolished in the British colonies1839 - The UK captures Hong Kong 1864 - The Union Navy captures Fort Morgan, Alabama , thus breaking Confederate dominance of all ports on the Gulf of Mexico 1866 - Austro-Prussian War ends with the Treaty of Prague1889 - First wireless message from a ship to the shore received.1904 - The automobile tire chain is patented.1913 - A statue of the Little Mermaid is put up in Copenhagan.1914 - Japan declares war on Germany and bombs Qingdao, China .1924 - The distance between Earth and Mars is the smallest since the 10th century.1927 - Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti are executed in Boston, Massachusetts .1929 - Arabs attack Jews in Israel1939 - World War II : Germany and the Soviet Union sign a non-aggression treaty, the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact . In a secret addition to the pact, Baltic states , Finland and Poland are divided between the two nations.1940 - World War II: The Germans start bombing London .1942 - World War II: Beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad 1943 - World War II: Kharkov liberated.1944 - World War II: Marseille liberated.1944 - World War II: King Michael of Romania dismisses the pro-Nazi government of General Antonescu. Romania switches sides from the Axis to the Allies.
1944 - A US Army Air Force B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into a school in Freckleton, England killing 61 people.
1944 - World War II: Ion Antonescu, prime minister of Romania , is arrested and a new gouverment is established. Romania exits the war against Russia joining the Allies .
1947 - The Maynard Midgets beat Lock Haven 16-7 to win the first-ever Little League World Series championship.1948 - World Council of Churches is formed.1952 - The Arab League goes into effect.1958 - Chinese Civil War : The Second Taiwan Strait crisis begins with the People's Liberation Army's bombardment of Quemoy.1960 - In Equatorial Guinea , the world's largest frog (3.3 kg) is caught.1962 - First live television connection between the United States and Europe , via the Telstar satellite.1966 - Lunar Orbiter 1 takes the first photograph of Earth from orbit around the Moon .1968 - Ringo Starr temporarily quits The Beatles 1973 - The Intelsat communication satellite is launched.1975 - Successful Communist coup in Laos 1976 - A major earthquake in China kills thousands of people.1979 - Soviet dancer Alexander Godunov defects to the United States .1985 - Hans Tiedge, top counter-spy of West Germany , defects to East Germany .1987 - Heavy rains and floods in Bangladesh kill hundreds of victims.1989 - Singing Revolution: two million people from Estonia , Latvia and Lithuania stand on the Vilnius-Tallinn road, holding hands (Baltic way).1989 - All of Australia's 1,645 domestic airline pilots resign after the airlines threaten to sack them and sue them over a dispute.
1990 - Saddam Hussein appears on Iraqi state television with a number of Western "guests" (actually hostages to try to prevent the Gulf War ).1990 - Armenia declares its independence from the Soviet Union .
1990 - West Germany and East Germany announce that they will unite on October 3 .
1992 - Hurricane Andrew hits South Florida .2000 - A Gulf Air Airbus A320 crashes into the Persian Gulf near Manama, Bahrain, killing 1432000 - Nicaragua becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty . This essentially deprecated the Buenos Aires Convention treaty, because as of this date, all members of the BA Convention were also signatories to Berne.
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